Wide frequency range - narrow bandwidth LM324 oscillator

Reviewed an old concept - came out wit a new one . . .

in the follofing the timescale shows the actual time . . .

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Comparing TTL JK Triggers' Logic Designs

There was recently needed a realistic JK Simulation for which i had to set up one coz the Spice has no built in version . . . so i compared the equivalent circuits at d/s-s and made few additional 1-s.

It turned out that at high speed some perform more accurate than the others

From d/s - the only good one was 74LS73 , from custom 1-s - 2 became out credible : a mod of '7474 into JK --and-- a "self-confirming" JK -- that was made to have a least error JK to compare others against . . .


In the moderate/high speeds all perform correct

The variations occur near the speed limit

+ The last two compared ...

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High noise immunity logic - Update 3

Made some simple comparative "pickup" tests

with the speed --or-- supply range improved variants

. . . and with the original --and-- the biasing adjusted orig.

so far the latest version (A5►Q5) is the least sensitive to (order from most to least susceptible noise source = the INP noise affects the circuit operation the most . . . and the GND noise the least)

• noise from inp
• noise from +power rail
• noise from –power rail

PS! -- don't ignore the switch "so far" -- there is always a test that your equipment will fail at (we just haven't spotted such yet . . . )

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High Noise Immunity Logic - Update 2

When you go round and round improving the circuit you may forget to keep track on some relevant parameters . . . such as the Threshold Voltage and the very Noise Immunity . . . while i improved the speed and the supply range

so - i had to make a new zenerless central threshold variant with reduced speed A5►Q5 below
/// the problem with V_TH being near the one of the rails is that if the rail is noisy it may interfere with low/high threshold level , then again - when the V_TH is near the center the logic may "hang in the middle" or wave around it . . . randomly -- but near the center is more secure from the rail noise

thus - it would be wise to increase the hysteresis . . . but also this has..

• ..a disadvantage in "wave"/signal propagation speed -- as each gate has to complete the hysteresis size transition before the information propagates;
  it must be tested by practice  and decided (oriented to the target application) how much is optimal --or-- least error prone --or-- other
• ..a disadvantage as it adds up to required component count , budget , build time/-space ...

a Falstad Simulation of the oscillator suggests the lower voltage limit to use for OSC. is about 3.5V ? or below → a modified oscillator ← requires a kick start (a RESET in Falstad)

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[Eop]

High Immunity Logic - web circuit mod.

src. ::

Simulated with the zener  and it's substiute

The substitute

Update for wider supply range -- with "doable" alternate for the questionable (6.2V) zener -- questionable as ? does it actually behave as it simulates . . .

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[Eop]